Реферат: Philosophers

Аl-Faràbi, Abu Nasr (872-950)

Persian Islamic neoplatonist who employed Aristotelian logic in support of his

arguments for the existence of god and used Plato's Republic

as the model for his own description of civil society in Principles of

Citizens of the Virtuous City.

Ibn Sina, Abù'Alì al-Husayn (980-1037)

Persian Islamic philosopher and physician whose Kitab Al-Shifa (

Book of Healing) commented on the philosophy of

Aristotle. As a leading neoplatonist, Ibn Sina emphasized the causal

necessity that characterizes emanations from the divine, but supposed that

human knowledge can best be achieved by mystical illumination.

Neoplatonism

Philosophical system developed by Plotinus and others. Nominally derived from

Plato's metaphysics, neoplatonic philosophy regards the natural world

as a series of emanations from the nature of god. During most of the medieval

period, this system was the most influential version of Plato's thought.

Aristotelianism

A tradition, dating from the medieval period, concerned with promoting and

defending significant portions of the philosophy of Aristotle.