Контрольная: Английский язык

Task 1. Fill in the gaps in the chat and in the definitions. You will need more than one word in the some gaps. Text 1 Read the story and translate. Туризм разрушает все, чего касается? При входе в один из разрушенных храмов Петры в Иордании, есть надпись, высеченная в скалe. Выглядит, как будто была там в течение многих столетий. Эта надпись, возможно, была вырезана одним из солдатов Короля Эрода, когда они были заключены в тюрьму в 40 до н.э., Но более близкий осмотр показывает, что эта надпись не является настолько древней. Читаем: Шан и Вендай из Сиднея были здесь. 16Апреля 1996. Руины Петры были обнаружены в 1810 швейцарским исследователем, и недавнее сообщение только что заключило, что "они находятся в серьезной опасности от того, чтобы не быть разрушенными от большого наплыва туристов". Больше чем 4 000 туристов в день бродят по скалистым могилам Петры. Они стирают мягкий красный песчаник в порошок и (иногда!) царапают свои имена на скале.. И не только Петра, находится под угрозой разрушения. Больше чем 600 миллионов туристов в год путешествуют по земному шару, и большое количество их хотят посетить всемирно охраняемые места: Парфенон, Taj Malial, Stonehenge, национальные парки Кении. Туристская индустрия скоро будет крупнейшей в мире, и ей только исполнилось 50 лет. Много мест, которые были отдаленны - теперь являются местами отдыха по путевке. Ничто не остановит рост туризма? TEXT 2 Read and translate into Rassian Клуб единомышленников - группа людей с одинаковыми направленностями или интересами, которые ездят в места по интересам. Примером может быть клуб любителей сада, делающий тур по английским садам. Аэробус - большой самолет с пассажировместимостью приблизительно 400 пассажиров. Термин наиболее часто относится к Боингу 747. Фактор груза означает число мест, которые были проданы на самолет. Этот термин также относится к в centage мест, которые должны быть проданы прежде, чем полет выгоден. Агентство проката автомобилей (или прокат автомобилей в Англии) - обслуживание состоит в том, чтобы сдавать в аренду автомобили на короткий промежуток времени. Круиз – путешествие на судне. Это - не регулярная, запланированная услуга. Запланированная авиалиния используется самолетами на неподвижных маршрутах в неподвижные времена. Другими словами, она работает согласно расписанию. Чартерный самолет - самолет, который был арендован, чтобы лететь, туда где обслуживание необходимо. IT - означает упакованный тур, который предполагает транспортировку; Транспортировка входит в большинство туров находится на запланированных авиалиниях, хотя некоторые ездят - на автобусе и по железной дороге. ITX –в базирующий тур входит оплата за проезд . Специальная более низкая плата за проезд, предлагается для продажи запланированными авиалиниями через туроператоров и турагентов. Ex. 2 Match the adjectives in A with the nouns in B. Use a dictionary if necessary. A foregone conclusion A stumbling issue A vested block A workable arrangement A heated interest A key argument A fruitful collaboration Ex. 5 Each blank in the text below contains one missing word which Is strongly associated with another word nearby. The missing words are in the box. Use the words in the box to fill the gaps in the text. 1)Cry, 2)soak, 3)dine, 4)spare, 5)stuff, 6)style, 7)far, 8)effort, 9)good, 10)time, 11)images, 12)walk, 13)hand/hands, 14)entertainment SAIL AWAY Ask anyone to name the ultimate luxury holiday and the chances are that they’ll say “a cruise”. It conjures up (a)..11)...of elegantly-dressed couples promenading n a moonlit deck. Of rich, elderly people with time on their (b) 4)..and a desire to see the world in (c).13)... But although the romance of the golden age of cruising remains, the average age of today’s passengers is 37 – a far(d).10).. From the be-showed, blanketed image of yesteryear. The superb range of leisure activities and wealth of(e) .14).has made cruising a godsend for families. Parents can relax and enjoy themselves in the sure knowledge that their children are in(f).9).. hands in the “kid’s centre” But for young and old alike the appeal of cruising holiday is the ability to move effortlessly from one place to another. To this end cruise line have put a lot of time and(g).6)..into developing their shore excursion programmers. Nowadays they can include such activities as trucking in the Malaysian jungle, catching fish in the fjords, landing on a mighty glacier or clambering over Greek ruins. That is, if you’ve got time to(h).12)..with so many exciting on-board activities to chose from. Passengers can try their (i).8) ..at anything from aerobics to scuba diving. Evening entertainment continues(j). 7)..into the night with casinos, cinemas, and discos just a short(k).1) ..away from their cabin. Another major advantage of cruising is the superb standard of food. You can wine and(l) .3).through to the early hours. If none of this appeals and you wish only to while away the(m).10).as you(n)..2).up the sun, why not consider one of cruising’s unusual destinations and destinations and take a trip to Alaska& Sailing through the dazzling blue whiteness, spotting a whale or a bear in the(o) .5).of which memories are made. Ex. 6 Connections. All these words are connected with transport. Put them into logical sets: Sea, Rail, Air, Road, Phrasal verbs, Cruise, platform, steward, highway, break down,

Sail Cruise harbour starboard gangway stand-by

Platform ticket collector compartment set off stopover long-haul

Liner jet bag registration runway track guard harbor

self-drive station wagon, highway roundabout crossing number

toll press on. drop off break down see off make run out of

TEXT 2 Read and translate into Russian Каждый год британские бизнесмены, тратят 20bn - это эквивалент 5 процентов валового национального продукта -. на путешествия и развлечения. Затраты на путешествия и развлечения опережают национальный счет по корпоративным налогам и нормам Сохранение спроса на путешествия находится под контролем, т.к. это бесконечная борьба многих корпораций. Компании хотят быть в состоянии удерживать административное управление по расходам настолько напряженным насколько возможно, контролировать и понимать образцы расходов и идентифицировать возможности сбереженной стоимости. Найти способы сделать более точные прогнозы бюджета - главная цель. Двадцать лет назад, путешествующему бизнесмену авиалинии едва давали выбор, ему приходилось выносить тесные места, кричащих детей и скудную пищу. Теперь путешествующие бизнесмены это рынок, которого наиболее добиваются, за которым ухаживают авиалинии не только потому, что требование исполнителями для авиалинии помещает устойчивые остатки но также и потому что они имеют тенденцию платить близко к полной плате за проезд. Британские авиалинии провела 25 м., модернизаций услуг деловые класса. БА обновляется, создано два отличных клуба - Клуб Мира и Клуб Европа – это было самым существенным развитием в путешествии деловым классом. Новое обслуживание гальванизировало большинство конкурентов БА в радикальную модернизацию услуг делового класса - так, что фактически каждую неделю можно видеть какие-то усовершенствования, объявленные главной авиалинией, поскольку каждый стремится получить конкурентоспособное преимущество. Главная выгода для пассажиров обслуживающихся в Клубе Мира это значительное увеличение места для ног и то, что места откидываются, а так же эти новые места имеют другую форму контура и заменили предыдущие довольно неудобные места. Клуб Мира также предлагает установленные места в салоне так, чтобы разделить пассажиров, платящих более высокую плату за проезд от эконом класса, так как там значительно улучшенная пища и напитки. Авиалиния также пристально следит за вопросами питания в полете и хотят ли пассажиры более питательную пищу. Некоторые полагают, что тенденция будет вести к увеличению количества закусок для пассажиров делового класса, которые едят, когда пожелают. Task 2 Complete the gaps in this extract using the words from the box. However, for example, also, but, although, in addition/ thirdly/ them, for instance, secondly, besides, first. There are many advantages to staging an event such as this year’s cultural capital of Europe exhibition in Copenhagen ,__ first _______it is a relatively small city so that many of the cultural events will take place within a striking distance of the Radhuspladsen (town hall square), now a pedestrianised (pedestrians, pedestrianism?) area. ____ besides _____ in Denmark, bus and train services are efficient and clean ___ also ____ the Copenhagen card, which is very reasonably priced, gives unlimited travel throughout the city and a large area around it _____ in addition _________ permitting access to more than sixty sights and museums. _ Secondly _Copenhagen is a pretty city with an abundance of eighteenth century buildings, canals and the occasional cobbled street, _ however _ not all Copenhagen is steeped in history. Half an hour from the centre of the town by train and bus the view swings into the twentieth century. Beside the sea on reclaimed land is the new 19 million museum of modern art. Nearby, culture is permeating the unlikeliest places. Although at the harbour (harbor) ninety-six containers from ninety-six countries, linked by walkways and stairs, are being turned into an unusual venue for a huge international contemporary art show. _ For example _ if you have children who do not fancy going around exhibitions you will be able to leave them with carers (careers, corers) in an area equipped with computers, crayons, paper, a dining room, and a just-for-fun upside-down room where furniture is fixed on the ceiling. One thing you will notice as you visit the museums and galleries is the high quality of food, drink and service, a reflection of standards generally found in Denmark, They are expensive. __ For instance _two cups of coffee and two cakes in cafeterias usually cost the equivalent of 5-6, _ but __ they are even more expensive in the domed conservatory of the Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek, one of Copenhagen’s most famous art galleries. Ex. 1 Open the brackets using the verbs in necessary forms. 1. Where - your luggage? - I have left it at station. I shall take it tomorrow when Nick comes to help me. 2. I had been reading about an hour when he came. 3. The play had not yet begun and the people were talking in the hall. 4. Yesterday I bought a new pair of gloves, as I had lost the old ones. 5. We were walking in silence. He had already told me all that was interesting about himself, and I had nothing to tell him. 6. The moon had not risen yet, and only two stars, like two distant lighthouses, were shining in the dark blue sky. 7. One night a little swallow was flying over the city. His friends had flown away to Egypt six weeks before, but he had stayed behind. 8. What have you been doing these three months? 9. Our train starts late in the evening, so if you come at seven o’clock, we shall still be packing our luggage. 10. When did you see him last? 11. I met him when he was walking across the park. 12. Have you ever acted on the stage? – Why, yes, that’s what I have been doing for the last six years. 13. Don’t enter the bedroom! The child is sleeping there, and he always wakes up when somebody opens the door. Ex. 2 Open the brackets using the verbs in necessary forms. 1. Peter was reading by the fireplace when the door opened and the maid entered. The cook was following her. 2. When the mother had satisfied herself that the children were sleeping peacefully in their beds, she took out the Christmas presents and carefully put them into the stockings which were hanging at the beds. 3. If you ring me up tomorrow, I shall tell you all about it. 4. The lesson had not yet begun, and the children were talking loudly in the corridor. 5. I have been living in St. Petersburg since 1991. 6. By the fifteenth of January the students will have passed all the examinations. 7. The students had written the paper by dinner-time. 8. They had been sailing down the river for many hours before they came to the village. 9. I have not been to my home town for five years. 10. The rain had stopped by the time we reached home. 11. The message arrived five minutes after he had left the house. 12. It was nearly eleven o’clock when we began doing this work. 13. At last the reply from my grandmother come, and my mother told me that she would come soon. 14. Here you are at last! I have been waiting for you for twenty minutes. You are not ashamed? Ex. 6 Paraphrase the following sentences using Complex Subject. E.g. We heard that a car stopped outside the door. A car was heard to stop outside the door. It is believed that the poem was written by Byron. The poem is believed to have been written by Byron.

1. Bernard Shaw was known to be a very witty man. 2. The climate there is considered to be very healthful. 3. The Chinese dancers were announced to arriving next week. 4. The performance is expected to be a success. 5. The book is said to be popular with both old and young. 6. The poem is believed to have been written by an unknown soldier. 7. The playwright is supposed to be working at a new comedy.8. The flood is reported to caused much damage to the crops. 9. The crops were supposed to be rich that year. 10. This mineral water has been found to be very good for the liver. 11. Electricity is considered to exists throughout space. 12. The weather in Europe is said to have been exceedingly hot last summer. 13 This man is said to have been handsome in his youth. 14. five ships were reported to be missing after the battle.

Ex.7 Translate into English using the verbs in the Past simple Active or Past Simple Passive. I told – I was told. I showed – I was shown. She brought – She was brought. We asked – We were asked. We answered – We were answered. We sent – We were sent. They gave – They were given. He helped – He was helped. He advised – He was advised. He forgot – He was forgotten. He remembered – He was remembered. We invited – We were invited. We corrected – We were corrected. He cured – He was cured. He called – He was called. Ex.8 Translate into English using the verbs in the Present, Past or Future Simple Passive. I was told – I am told – I shall be told. I was shown – I am shown – I shall be shown. She was brought – She is brought – She will be brought. We were asked – We are asked – We shall be asked. We were answered – We are answered – We shall be answered. We were sent – We are sent – We shall be sent. They were given – They are given – They will be given. He was helped – He is helped – He will be helped. He was advised – He is advised – He will be advised. He was forgotten – He is forgotten – He will be forgotten. He was remembered – He is remembered – He will be remembered. We were invited – We are invited – We shall be invited. We were corrected – We are corrected – We shall be corrected. He was called – He is called – He will be called. Ex.9. Write the sentences in Passive Voice. 1. She took a long time to write the composition, but at last it was written. 2. Don’t put the cup there it will be broken. 3. Why weren’t you at the birthday party? – I wasn’t invited. 4. We met many difficulties, but all the same the work was finished in time. 5. You will be left behind if you are not quick. 6. All my money was spent on books last month. 7. I don’t think all this work will be done today: there is too much of it. 8. It’s a very funny thing that when I start doing this, I am always stopped. 9. Don’t leave these sweets on the table: they will be eaten. 10. The branch of the tree was broken . 11. The bear was attacked by the bees when it tried to take their honey. Ex. 10 Rewrite the sentences in Passive Voice. 1. Potatoes were bought yesterday. 2.The books will be brought tomorrow. 3. The clock is being repaired now. 4. Milk is sold in this shop. 5. The whole text has been translated. 6. The window was broken last week. 7. When I came home, the sweets had been eaten. 8. The work be done in the evening. 9. This book was written in the 19th century. 10. Tennis was being played from four till five. 11. A lot of money was stolen from the shop. 12. By six o’clock the work had been finished. 13. At twelve o’clock the trucks were being loaded. 14. By three o’clock the trucks had been loaded. 15. Our daughter is sent to rest in the south every year. 16. This film will be show on TV. 17. A new concert hall is being built in our street. 18. The number of important experiments have been made in this laboratory. 19. Central Africa was explored by Livingstone in the 19th century. 20. By the middle of autumn all the trees had been planted. 21. This play will be staged at the beginning of next season. 22. The story has been forgotten. 23. Have the rules of the game been explained to you? 24.My skates haven’t been brought back.