Билеты: Темы по английскому за 10 класс

1. Speak about the most striking traits of peoples character

During our life we get in touch with many people. We all know a password: “So

many characters, so many people “ and it is really true. Character is the most

important thing in a person which attracts or repulses other people. Each of

us has his or hers good and bad features of character, but some of them come

to the fore that’s why we can say : “He is a bad man , because he is rude or

impertinent . And he is a good man because he is courageous, generous,

kind-hearted . I have many friends & a lot of acquaintances and they are

all different . Some of them are very kind-hearted and friendly some are not

so kind but they are devoted friends and always help me and their friends, but

they can be very cold or indifferent to other people. Also some feature have a

double nature example: modesty or perseverance and others. Modest people are

usually polite, quite, but sometimes they tend to be too reticence. Persevering

people can become obstinate. As for me I like devotedness , wittiness ,

kindness, friendliness , in people. I think that there are 2 sorts of kind

people. The first sort is really ,kind-hearted people who are always ready to

help all people in the world no matter what social position they have The other

sort who only try to look kind and friendly. But they are friendly only with

people whom they interested in. I hate such people because you don’t know if

they are really good or only want to look friendly and I cannot trust them. A

lot of things can change a person’s character. If you are a kind man and you

has grow up with rude, cruel people you can become the like them or vice versa

a bad man can become kind. Some people have a strong character and they can try

to change and become good. For example people why often let of their steam it

is necessary to control themselves and so on. Every character forms in the

society therefore in the society determines one’s character. Also I believe

that Signs of Zodiac influence one’s character. Every Symbol has own features

common for all people born under this symbol. For example I’m Libra ,in my

Horoscope it says that in me there are 2 persons. And other good and bad

features. But I also believe that everyone can change his character, adding

more good or bad features.

2. Travelling by air .Give your counter reasons in fever of flying.

It is very interesting to travel. You can see other countries, continents,

you acquainted with other people , their traditions and customs. You can

travel by car , by train, by air, by sea. If you like to see the nature, and

you enjoy the process of travelling and you have a route it will be easier if

you travel by car. Travelling by train is usually chosen by people who have

enough time to get from one place to another . Travelling by air usually

preferred by people who haven’t got much time and they must quickly get to

another city, country or continent. Nowadays there are a lot of businessmen

who have to communicate with people from other countries. Every day they must

sign a lot of contracts. Sometimes they have to sign several contracts

within one day ,for example in France and in Spain .And if there were no

planes it would be impossible. Each of us has a lot of relatives and friends.

Some of them live in other countries. For example you live in Russia, Moscow

and you have some relatives in France or in Britain. You certainly can get to

GB by train , and by sea but it will take you a lot of time. It would be

easier if you choose a plane. Imagine that something has happened to your

friends and you are need very immediately. The plane will help you in this

case. Nowadays we try to use fast means of travelling such as a modern high-

speed railway in France and certainly planes. As for trains there are

railway stations , for planes there are airports. In every airport there are

some formalities without which you cannot come or leave the country .At

first it is Customs. Every country has it’s regulations. Then you are given

luggage tags and boarding passes. The last is the Passport control. When you

decide to travel by air you can buy first and economy class tickets. The

first class is more comfortable than economy and it is always more expensive

.In spite of first class tickets being very expensive have some advantages

over economy. At first it is more comfortable seats. The dinner is much

better then in economy class , and if you have bought a first class ticket

you can have 30 kg luggage free of charge. Also you have a private emergency

exit for the first class passages only. You have one more advantage : you

can take any drinks free. Although flying by plane is very fast it has some

inconveniences. There is a jet-lag, a difference between the time you are

accustomed to and the new time. At first you won’t be very well because of it

, but don’t worry – it won’t take you long to get used to it. As a whole

to fly by planes is pleasant and convenient

3 . Speak about airport formalities

Passengers are requested to arrive at the airport 2 hors before departure

time. They must register their tickets, weigh in and register the luggage.

Most airports have at least 2 classes of travel, first class and economy

class, which is cheaper. Each passenger of more than 2 years of age has free

luggage allowance. Generally this limit is 20 kg for economy class passengers

and 30 kg for first class passengers, excess luggage must be paid for except

for some articles that can be carried free of charge. The rules for

passengers who are going abroad are similar in most countries but sometimes

there might be a slight difference in formalities. If , for instance , you

are supposed to begin with going through the Customs, you’d better fill in

the customs declaration before you talk to the customs officer. He may ask

any passenger routine questions about declare the things, spirits , tobacco ,

presents. Then you do to the check – in counter where your ticket is looked

at, your things are weighed and labelled. The next formality is filling in

the immigration form and going through passport control. The form has to be

filled in block letters . You write your name, nationality, permanent address

and the purpose of your trip. In most countries there is also a security

check when your carry-luggage is inspected. This is an anti-hijacking

measure, and anything that might be dangerous or disturbing to other

passengers must be handed to one of the crew and only returned to the owner

after the plane has reached its destination. After fulfilling all these

formalities you go to the departure lounge where you can have a snack , read

a paper buy something in the duty-free shop and wait for the announcement to

board the plane. Some of these formalities are repeated when you arrive at

your destination. The customer declaration and the immigration form are often

filled in on board the plane. At the airport you may be met by a specially

trained dog who’ll make sure that you are not earring drugs, and the

immigration officer might want to know on whose invitation you are coming and

whether you have a return ticket. There is one inconvenience you have to be

prepared for when you travelling long distances by plane. It’s a difference

between the time you are accustomed to and the new time. At first you won’t

be feeling very well because of it, but don’t worry – it won’t take you long

to get used to it.

4. Staying at the hotel. Speak about everyday services available at the hotel.

When you come to another country or city you can stay at your friend’s house

or flat. But if you haven’t got any relatives or friends you may stay at a

hotel. There are 2 sorts of hotels: at the seaside and in city The hotels at

the seaside usually occupied big territory . And the services and facilities

are usually better there then in city hotels. You can get more things free.

Also at the seaside hotels food is served usually 2 of 3 times a day and in

city hotels you can get only breakfast . Before you arrive somewhere you can

make arrangements about a room of the hotel you’ll choose. You can call at

the hotel of send them a fax or telegram which numbers you can find in the

advertisement. If you haven’t done it , when you arrive at the hotel it is

necessary to come up to the reception desk .There a person can order a

room. First of all you must fill in an arrival card. In this card you must

gave information about yourself. Your name and surname, telephone number and

address besides it is necessary to point out how long are you going to stay

here. Also among the seaside hotels the best with club system . Usually on

the territory of such hotels there are 4-5 storied building with single

rooms, double rooms, and suites and separate there are family cottages. The

area of such hotels is usually very big about 50hectores . Club system

allows to take free any , soft drinks, food 24 hours a day, because

everything is included into the price of the tour. There are all day room

services , dry cleaners, laundries. In the rooms there is a refrigerator,

bathroom, a satellite TV and direct dial phone. Also such hotels have their

own place on the beach with comfortable sun beds .You can spend time riding

horses, playing tennis, golf, polo, visiting shops, which are usually

situated in the territory of the hotels. In the evenings you can go to the

disco or to the restaurant . The menu in the restaurants including different

cuisine’s such as :French, Spanish, Chinese, Turkish, Russian and so on.

You can order a yacht tour to some historical places (if any) or something

like that. After visiting such hotels you’ll return home happy and

refreshed.

5. Speak about foods you like and dislike. Describe any recipe.

Meals play an important role in human life. Because it contained

indispensable ingredients for life activity of our organism. Such as

dioxides, fats, minerals and vitamins. They are contained in fish,

vegetables, fruits, meat and other food stuffs . To be healthy man should eat

3 times a day. For lunch people usually eat buiscuits, toasts, sandwiches,

cheese and drink coffee or tea with cream and sugar accordingly to your taste

. For dinner we eat some soup, salad and fowl, fish or meat with garnish.

Many people have to eat out of home in restaurants or in cafes . In such

places you can order French fries, hamburgers, cheeseburgers, crisps, pizza

and many others, but these meals are very harmful for our health. There are

people who like salty and spicy or sweet food. Also we all like roasted and

grilled food , but such it is also very harmful . Nowadays a lot of people

believe that only healthy food must be eaten. They don’t eat spaghetti,

chops, sausages, grilled meat fish, fowl. They prefer to eat boiled and

stewed vegetables such as cabbage, cauliflower, egg-plants, carrots. They

certainly eat meat and fish but only boiled. Also there are people who don’t

eat meat or fowl at all . They are vegetarians. But it isn’t good, because in

fish and in meat there are some ingredients without which our health won’t be

strong. In all big cities you can find Indian, Chinese Japanese and other

oriental restaurants . Nowadays you can order you favourite meals by

telephone, but despite it a lot of people like to cook themselves .Before

cooking something you must buy some food stuffs. In big cities there are

supermarkets and department stores where you can buy everything you need in

daily life: from a tooth brush up to cars and furniture. Certainly you can

buy there any you food stuffs. like Also there are food shops and markets. In

markets it is better to buy greens, vegetables and fruits. Meat, fowl and

fish it is safer to bay in shops because they must be kept refrigerator. As

for me I like salty and spicy food . For example I’ll never refuse to eat

grilled meat or stuffed egg-plants. I like caviar, shrimps, pate, bacon, cold

pork.

6.Speak about shopping in GB.

Europe dictates a fashion to the whole world. Nowadays France is the centre

of fashion. But in the last century her place was occupied by GB. At that

time a lot of new modern shops appeared. Now their branches are situated all

over the world. you can find . The Most famous of them in London in Oxford

Street, Regent Street, and Knightsbridge . Besides book’s ,clothes’, food

shops in GB there are a lot of supermarkets and department stores where you

can buy everything from a button to a car and furniture.

Here there are the most famous British shops:

The Body shop: sells perfumes, soap, shampoo and skin-care

products for men and for women.

Dillons :was open in 1936 as the bookshop to the University of London.

Next: is the a chain of Popular fashion clothes shops for men and

women. It became famous for the suits which were worn by the businessmen and

businesswomen at the beginning of the 1980s.

W.H.Smith: is a national chain of shops which sells newspapers and

magazines. Smith’s also sell books, videos, stationary, pens and office

equipment.

Harrods : is the famous London department store

Sainbury’s supermarkets are one of the leaders in food and drink

selling in Britain.

But the most famous of British shops all over the world is Marks & Spencer .

It attracts a great variety of customers, from housewives to millionaires .

Princess Diana, Dustin Hoffman and the British Prime Minister are just a few of

its famous customers. Last year it made a profit of £529 million, which

is more than £ 10 million a week. It all started 109 years ago, when a

young Polish immigrant, Michael Marks, had a stall in Leeds market. He didn’t

have many things to sell: some cotton, a little wool, lots of buttons, and few

shoelaces. Above his stall he put the notice: “Don’t ask how much-it’s a penny.

10 years later , he met Tom Spencer and together they started Penny Stalls in

many towns in the north of England. Today there are 564 brunches of M&S all

over the world – in America, Canada, Spain, France, Belgium, and Hungary. In

M&S the best selling clothes are :for women: jumpers, bras, and knickers;

for men: shirts, socks, pyjamas, dressing gowns, and suits; for children;

underwear and socks. Best – sells in food include fresh chickens, bread,

vegetables and sandwiches. Why is M&S so successful? The store bases its

business on three principles: good value, good quality, and good service. Also

it changes with the times –once it was all jumpers and knickers. Now it’s food,

furniture and flowers as well .Top fashion designers advise on styles of

clothes.

7.Speak about your experience of shopping abroad, (if any) and in your city.

In the world there are a lot of women who like to do shopping . they can

spend all day visiting different supermarkets and department stores searching

to new clothes and trying on them. As for me I don’t like shopping. I think

that there are a lot of other interesting things in the world. Many people

like to buy things in other countries , because they remind them later of

their nice trip. When I was in Finland I saw a lot of big supermarkets such

as Stockman, Sockas and Galagen. Also I visited the biggest shopping centre

in Europe – Etackeskas. European shops usually occupies 4-5 storied

buildings . On the ground or first floor you can buy any food staffs you

like. On the second floor there are lady’s and men’s departments . On the

third level you can usually buy clothes for children. We try to buy

different things and clothes abroad because we think or know that’s their

quality of them is better in European countries than in ours. The service in

them certainly better than in ours shops because it began to develop much

earlier than in Russia. When a customer comes to a shop the shop assistant

will always answer any question and try to do his best for you . Also every

season there is a week or two of sales. In Europe the biggest sales begin two

weeks before Christmas. Since for standards of living in Europe are higher

and the economic situation is better than in our country it is much more

convenient to pay the bill in shops . In all civilised countries the system

of credit cards is introduce . Due to it you needn’t carry money with you at

all, a credit card allows to pay for everything from the cars and to

buttons. Not long ago the credit card system come to Russia. Every day there

is more shops permit clients to pay bill by credit cards. For the last 10

years in Moscow modern shops have been opened such as Okhotniy rayd ,

Petrovskiy Pasazh, Gallery Nautilus, Ramstore and many others . The level of

these shops is close to the European one. . I hope that with every year a lot

of new boutiques appeared and they will sell the Russian made goods.

8. You like your flat and your district. Speak in fever of the place.

I live in Moscow, in North Orekhovo - Borisovo district. It is situated in

the South of the city. In my district there is Tzarizansky park . It is a

very old park and it has it own interesting history. Catherine I liked the

village called “Black mud” and she ordered architectures Kazakov and Bazhenov

to build there a residence, but as the name of the village was not

appropriate for a summer residence of empress it was decided to rename it to

Tzarizano. When everything was ready Catherine I didn’t like the building of

Big Palace and the architects began to remake it but they didn’t finish

their work. For the many years it remained unfinished. But about 5 or 7

years ago old buildings were restored. A lot of people like to walk there and

breathe fresh air . It is very important that in our district there is a

forest. It cleans the air. Ecology conditions in our district are bad as the

winds from the North bring polluted air, also in our district there are a lot

of industrial projects. For example near my house the Tobacco fabric “Ducat”

are situated. I live in a 3 room flat. There are 2 bedrooms, a living room,

and a kitchen. In my room there is a wardrobe , a bed, a desk ,a computer, a

tape recorder and some pot plants. In the kitchen there is a table with

chairs , a refrigerator , a microwave oven , roaster, and a TV set. In the

living room there is a sofa, a TV set , a hi-fi system and a table with

chairs. Besides Tzarizansky park there is another historical place in our

district Kolomenskoe .It is a park too. In warm days it is very pleasant to

walk there with friends . I like my district because nowadays a lot of new

interesting shops and places opened here and in has become more modern.

Certainly it is a pity that out district is situated very far from the

center of Moscow and it takes me a lot of time to get there, but near my

house there is Domodedovskaya metro station which is very good. The only

thing I wish is a better ecological situation in our district and then

everything will be OK .

9. Speak about advantages and disadvantages of living in a big city , in a

small town and in the country

The city is the place where all industrial cultural and educational centers

are situated. In big cities you can find museums, theaters, clubs, cinemas

,big shops and hospitals, comfortable modern flats. People try to live in

cites because all necessary objects are situated near by. For example if you

get ill a hospital or a chemist’s shop will be situated near your home in

the city, and if you live in the country it will be hard to find any medical

help very quicly . Also in big cites you can fiend all sorts of

entertainment such as cinemas clubs entertaining parks and so on. Many people

like to spend their free time in them because it helps them to relax and

bring them a lot of pleasure. It is really convenient that everything you

need in daily life is situated near you. One of the most important comforts

of big cites is that you can fast get everywhere you like by underground,

bus, trolley bas. Also in big cities there is electricity therefore you can

use electrical devices such as TV sets, computers, radio, microwave owen,

refrigerators and so on. One more thing, without which it would be impossible

to live today is the telephone and where there is a telephone there is also

Internet. The connection has huge value in the life of people and we have

got used to it to such extent , that it there is no telephone we feel

uncomfortable and lonely. Yes , it is really comfortable, and at first glance

everything is good but nowadays big cites there are a great amount of

cars and factories Big cites suffer of overpopulation, dirty air, and water,

The streets became noisy and after hard working day people cannot relax.

People try to do everything to go to the countryside because only there they

can find quietness . Every holiday and every week-end people try to leave

their houses and go to the country. I live in Orekhovo-Borisovo North

district . The ecological conditions here are very bad because near my house

a lot of industrial objects are situated. For example near the Tobacco

factory “DUCAT” is situated . As for me I prefer to live in a big city

because A lot of big shops are situated near my home, but I also like to

spend my holidays in the country because after living in the city for about

9 months I begin to get tired.

10. Speak about advantages and disadvantages of living in modern flat and

in the country house.

Nowadays a lot of people live in big cities because it is very comfortable,

as you can find everything you need in everyday life very quickly. But too

many people cannot live there because there isn’t enough place for

everybody. People have to live in high buildings in modern flats. In Moscow

we can see 12-17 storied buildings with one, two and tree- room flats. There

are modern facilities such as telephone, central heating, running water,

electricity and gas. You can use such electricity devices as : TV sets, hi-

fi systems, vacuum cleaners, washing machines, microwave ovens, electric

irons and many others. They help in our daily life .There are people who

don’t like to live in cities they prefer to be alone in a small country house

near a river or a lake . They like to walk in the morning in the forest and

breath fresh air, and enjoy silence. Many people will gladly spend a few

days in the country but despite of it we have got used to achievements of

civilization that when we find out ourselves appear fare from them we do

not know what to do and feel lonely . Besides in Russian villages there

aren’t any conveniences at all. Certainly there is electricity but usually

it is not on . Also there isn’t central heating and in winters people have

to burn oven as in the last century. In the day time you can walk in the

garden , but in the evening everything you can do is to read a books by a

candle. To living in such conditions is very hard for a city dweller.

Nowadays a lot of people try to build big houses near cities and spend their

week-ends there. Because besides all facilities there are some

inconveniences. The main reason why people leave cities are bad ecological

conditions. Noise, polluted air and water makes health of the man weak. After

hard working day people come home and want to rest but nose from heavy

traffic in streets will not allow to do that. As for me I prefer to live in

the city, because I feel uncomfortably. When I’m fare from telephone,

electricity and other facilities. People invented one more way to communicate

with other people it is internet. Without the telephone and electricity I

cannot use it . I like city but some times it is pleasant to stay in the

country for a while.

11.Speak about environment problems and protection. What should be done?

The poisoning of the world's land, air, and water is the fastest-spreading

disease of civilisation. It probably produces fewer headlines than wars,

earthquakes and floods, but it is potentially one of history's greatest

dangers to human life on earth. If present trends continue for the next

several decades, our planet will become uninhabitable. Overpopulation,

pollution and energy consumption have created such planet-wide problems as

massive deforestation, ozone depletion, acid rains and the global warming

that is believed to be caused by the greenhouse effect. The seas are in

danger. They are filled with poison: industrial and nuclear waste, chemical

fertilisers and pesticides. The Mediterranean is already nearly dead; the

North Sea is following. The Aral Sea is on the brink of extinction. If

nothing is done about it, one day nothing will be able to live in the seas.

Every ten minutes one kind of animal, plant or insect dies out for ever. If

nothing is done about it, one million species that are alive today will have

become extinct twenty years from now. Air population is a very serious

problem. In Cairo just breathing the air is life threatening- equivalent to

smoking two packs of cigarettes a day. The same holds true for Mexico City

and 600 cities of the former Soviet Union. Industrial enterprises emit tons

of harmful substances. These emissions have disastrous consequences for our

planet. They are the main reason for the greenhouse effect and acid rains. An

even greater environmental threat are nuclear power stations. We all know how

tragic the consequences of the Chernobyl disaster are. People are beginning

to realise that environmental problems are not somebody else's. They join and

support various international organisation and green parties. In my district

the ecology conditions in our district are bad as the winds from the North

bring polluted air, also in our district there are a lot of industrial

projects. For example near my house the Tobacco fabric “Ducat” are situated..

Human life is the most important and Polluted air, poising water ,

wastelands, noise, smoke, gas, exhaust and lead in leaves all influence on

your half makes it weak. To improve ecological conditions it is necessary to

put abstersive equipment on factories both to land more f trees and to put

hums to blocking boards near to motorways.

12. Imagine you are going on a trip around the world. Make a route for

your trip showing where you’ll visit

Last year I made a round-the-world voyage and I visited many English speaking

countries such as GB, Canada, USA and Australia . I was in the USA in

Washington, D.C. it is the capital of the Untied States. I saw some

historical monuments and places. The Capitol, The White House, Museums and

Galleries Monuments and Memorials. Also I visited an Australia it is situated

in the south-west of the Pacific Ocean, occupies the continent of Australia

and a great number of islands near it. Australia is a continent-island washed

by the Indian and Pacific Oceans. The capital is Canberra. But the oldest

city is Sidney , it was founded in 1788. GB is situated on the British Isles

and it has a very good geographical position as it lies on the crossways of

the sea routs from Europe to other parts of the world. The capital of GB is

London. It is the world’s most enjoyable cities. There are a lot of

interesting historical monuments in it such as :Houses of Parliament,

Westminster Abbey, St. Paul’s Cathedral, Trafalgar Square and The Tower of

London. Westminster Abbey is a national shrine where the kings and queens

are crowned and famous people are buried. Founded by Edward the Confessor in

1050, the abbey was a monastery for a long time. The present building dates

largely from the time of henry III who began to rebuild the church , a task

which lasted nearly 300 years. Since William I almost every English monarch

has been crowned in this great church, which contains the tombs and memorials

of many of Britain’s most eminent citizens. The capital of Canada is Ottawa.

It is rather a small, quiet city. Here there are no large industrial

factories, but there are a lot of ministries, embassies of foreign states,

private residences of officials and diplomats. In the centre of Ottawa the

parliament of Canada is a little bit diminished replica of a the

parliamentary buildings in London . In the city there are two universities,

English and French, large libraries, the National gallery, the National

museum, the research and development centre.

.13. Speak about the state of medical servers in Russia. How do you

imagine the medical care of the future?

In our country medical service is provided free of charge. There is a wide

network of local out- patient clinics. If a person falls ill he calls a local

physician. The doctor visits his patient. And examines him. He usually sounds

the patient’s chest, listens to his heart, fells his pulse and sometimes

sahes , his blood pressure. He also examines his throat and tonque . After

the physician has diagnose the case the prescribes medicine for the descase.

Then he writes out a search leave and gives advice If the patient follows

the doctor’s instructions , it doesn’t take him long to recover. As soon as

he feels better , he comes to the local out-patient clinic for final

examination. If the case in complicated and the patient needs shecial

treatment he is taken to the hospital.The situation in medical service has

changed as compared to the previory years. Medicine has become very

expensive. Treatment and special tests or surgery cost a lot of money. Mist

people cannot afford being operated. Nowadays we cannot say that medical

service is must be given by the government to run medical service properly.

Hospitals and clinics should be better equipped. Many of them are old-

fashioned and need repairing. Doctors and nurses are overworked and

underpaid. One of the positive features, which still exists in Russia,

medical service in regular medical check-up of school children. It is very

important to prevent illness. They are vaccinated and examined by

specialists. I think that medical service should be free of charge for all

people.